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George Mason Law School Public Policy Conference on the Law & Economics of Privacy and Data Security
Dear Friend:
I am writing to invite you to attend the Law & Economics Center’s Public Policy Conference on The Law & Economics of Privacy and Data Security. The conference will be offered by the LEC’s Henry G. Manne Program in Law & Economics Studies on Wednesday, June 19 from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. The full program can be viewed here.
Consumers have an incredible array of technologies and services available to them online. As these technologies have progressed, there are growing questions as to what policies are best suited to protect consumers and encourage industry innovation. Topics include the role of the state attorneys general in enforcing privacy laws, the role of privacy in antitrust analysis, how privacy regulation affects competition, and a discussion of the rapidly changing landscape of spam, spyware, data portability, and industry data retention guidelines.
You may register through the link below.
I hope to see you in June.
Best,
Henry N. Butler George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law George Mason University School of Law Executive Director, Law & Economics CenterCall for Papers: AALS 2014 Joint Program on Sections on Poverty Law and Clinical Legal Education
In honor of the 50th Anniversary of the “War on Poverty,” the AALS sections on Poverty Law and Clinical Legal Education will sponsor a joint program at the AALS Annual Meeting, entitled 50 Years After the “War on Poverty:” Evaluating Past Enactments and Innovative Approaches for Addressing Poverty in the 21st Century.
The program will explore the effectiveness of the federal “War on Poverty” programs in addressing/eradicating poverty, and participants will discuss how amendments to those laws have had an impact on their effectiveness. The “War on Poverty” programs include: Medicaid, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (“TANF,” formerly Assistance for Families and Dependent Children), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (“SNAP,” formerly known as food stamps), federally funded legal services (originally under the Office of Economic Opportunity, and now the Legal Services Corporation), Head Start, and the No Child Left Behind Act (originally the Elementary and Secondary Education Act), among others. In addition, the joint program will explore newer ways that the federal government has attempted to address poverty, such asthe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, the Family and Medical Leave Act and others.
Among the questions to be considered are: In what ways were individual “War on Poverty” programs effective and why? How and why were those programs ineffective? How did amendments to the War on Poverty enactments affect their efficacy in ameliorating poverty? What impact have exclusions from the poverty programs on such grounds as immigration status had on poverty? How do more recent federal laws affect poverty? Do they work with or in opposition to prior federal laws? Can the walls between federal poverty programs be broken down to more effectively address poverty? If so, how? How have communities responded to the “War on Poverty” programs and what impact has their efforts had on reshaping the poverty programs? What are concrete and innovative ways for the federal government to address poverty in the 21st Century for both individuals and communities? In collaboration with the Boston College Journal on Law and Social Justice, the joint program seeks papers for presentation and publication relating to the program’s topic. Submissions may include papers, on substantive law, interdisciplinary innovation or analysis, policy, empirical work, or clinical pedagogy, that either evaluate the effectiveness of the federal role in addressing poverty over the past 50 years, address how the federal government can address poverty in the 21st Century, or both.
The Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice will publish selected papers, no more than two of which will be selected for presentation at the joint program in New Orleans. Selected authors must agree not to publish their work in another journal. Not all papers selected for publication will be presented at the annual meeting.
Submission information: Papers should be submitted by email attachment to aals.waronpoverty.papers@gmail.com. As the Planning Committee will use a blind review process, a cover letter with the author’s name and contact information should accompany the paper. The paper itself, including the title page and footnotes must not contain any references identifying the author or the author’s school. The submitting author is responsible for taking any steps necessary to redact self-identifying text or footnotes. Near complete papers should be submitted by August 9, 2013. Authors of papers chosen for presentation and/or publication will be notified by September 27, 2013. Final papers are due by December 2013.
Eligibility: Full-time faculty members of AALS member law schools are eligible to submit papers. Foreign, visiting (without a full-time position at an AALS member law school), and adjunct faculty members; graduate students; fellows and non-law school faculty are not eligible to submit. Faculty at fee-paid non-member schools are also ineligible.
For more information, please contact Emily Suski, Planning Committee Co-Chair for the Poverty Law Section at esuski@gsu.eduor Hina Shah, Planning Committee Member for the Clinical Legal Education Section at hshah@ggu.edu.
Psychology and Lawyering: Coalescing the Field
University of Nevada Las Vegas
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LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors
Wednesday, October 2 to Sunday, October 6, 2013, Lone Mountain Ranch, Big Sky, MT
The George Mason Law & Economics Center (LEC) and the Property and Environment Research Center (PERC) presents the LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors to be held at the Lone Mountain Ranch in Big Sky, Montana. The program will run from Wednesday, October 2 to Sunday, October 6, 2013 and is part of the newly created LEC-PERC Joint Program on Economics, Law, and the Environment (http://www.masonlec.org/programs/lec-perc-joint-program-economics-law-environment).
OVERVIEW: The objective of this three-day workshop is to expose professors who teach natural resource and environmental law to the importance of property rights, transaction costs, and markets for solving environmental problems. The workshop will begin with some initial theoretical insights regarding the potential for environmental markets and build to specific applications to land, forests, wildlife, minerals, water, air, and ecosystem services, to mention a few.
The primary audience is tenured law school faculty who teach and do research on property, natural resources, and environmental law.
The LEC-PERC workshop will accommodate up to 24 law professors. All professors must attend all group meals together. Class sessions will be held Thursday through Saturday, with morning and afternoon sessions each day.
Reading materials will be provided in advance, and all participants should arrive having read, and prepared to discuss, the materials.
The LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors is organized by Henry N. Butler, George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law at George Mason University School of Law and Executive Director of the LEC, and Terry L. Anderson, President of the PERC and John and Jean De Nault Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
No Tuition; Hotel and Group Meals are Provided.
There is no tuition charged for the workshop, nor are there any room and board fees. Participants are responsible for their own travel costs to and from the workshop, as well as incidental expenses and individual meals.
APPLICATION PROCESS AND ACCEPTANCE: Acceptance for this conference is by competitive application only. Application should be made here: http://www.cvent.com/d/gcqs5g. Each applicant must state why they believe this program will be valuable to them and their work, and provide the names and contact information for three (3) professional references. The applicant may also include any additional information that would be pertinent to the decision-making process. Nominations by deans or letters of recommendation are welcome, but not required.
FURTHER INFORMATION: For questions regarding the application process, or about the program in general, please contact Jeff Smith at jsmithQ@gmu.edu. The LEC will begin evaluating applications on May 20, 2013 and will continue to consider applications until the program is fully subscribed.
PRELIMINARY AGENDA: The preliminary agenda can be seen on our website here: http://www.masonlec.org/events/event/134-lec-perc-workshop-law-professors-environmental-economics
Searle Center Fourth Annual Chicago Forum on International Antitrust Issues
June 13-14, 2013, Chicago
In an ever changing legal landscape, this program again promises to provide a timely and practical update on antitrust developments around the world. Our speakers are leading private and in-house lawyers, economists and antitrust enforcers from the US, EU, Brazil and India. Among them are Bruno Lasserre, President, Autorite de la Concurrence, Paris; Maureen K. Ohlhausen, FTC Commissioner; and Professor William Kovacic, now at George Washington University Law School and formerly an FTC Chairman. We hope you’ll join us for this exciting program.
This conference is sponsored by the Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth at Northwestern Law, Baker & McKenzie, Mayer Brown, Microsoft Corporation, NERA Economic Consulting, and MLex.
TOPICS: Topics will include:
- Update on International Cooperation and Convergence
- Year in Review – US, EU and Brazil
- Venturing Outside the US – Antitrust Issues in Competitor Collaborations, Joint Ventures, Strategic Alliances, Teaming Agreements
- Antitrust Litigation, Arbitration and Use of Economists Outside the US
- Lessons Learned From Compliance to Global Cartel Investigations
- Update on Antitrust Enforcement in India
- Antitrust Perspective on Innovation, New Product Development, Standard Setting and Licensing
- Antitrust Issues in Doing Business in China
- Evaluating the Effects of Merger Policy
- Basic Economic Concepts Arising in Antitrust Matters
- Tying, Bundling, Exclusivity, MFNs and Other Distribution Issues
- Identifying and Resolving Conflicts Outside the US
FURTHER INFORMATION: For full program details, please visit: http://www.law.northwestern.edu/searlecenter/conference/international
REGISTRATION: http://www.law.northwestern.edu/searlecenter/conference/international
TUITION:
- $400 Standard Registration
- $200 Government/Academic/Judicial
CLE CREDITS: Earn up to 10.75 CLE credits in the State of Illinois, including 2.0 professional responsibility (ethics) CLE credits.
NAACP LDF Race and Civil Rights in 2013 Conference: A Critical Analysis of 21st Century Challenges and Opportunities
The first of a dynamic two-part conference designed to engage the nation’s leading civil rights and racial justice advocates, including lawyers, scholars, and organizers
The purpose of the conferences is not only to identify challenges, but also to engage practitioners, organizers, and scholars who can offer innovative and under-explored ways of framing and executing civil rights legal initiatives.
- Identifying the key barriers to equality and opportunity for people of color in contemporary American life.
- Exploring the realities presented by current economic challenges and securing pathways to educational and economic opportunity for poor African Americans.
- Identifying strategies to mainstream an understanding of implicit racial bias in civil rights law and policy.
- Promoting a criminal justice paradigm that recognizes the need for violence reduction and increased public safety in communities of color, and challenges mass incarceration, injustice and racism in the criminal justice system.
Registration Notes:
As space is extremely limited at the conference, we advise participants to register online in advance to reserve a seat. The conference registration fee is $50 and can be made using credit card or check online. To the extent that space is available on the conference day, on-site registration will be permitted starting at 8:00 a.m. on June 6, 2013. On-site registrants may submit the $50 registration fee by cash or check, made payable to the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.
Thursday, June 6, 2013 - 8:00am - 5:00pm
Washington, DC 20016
Agenda can be downloaded at https://reg.naacpldf.org/agenda.pdf
LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors
Wednesday, October 2 to Sunday, October 6, 2013, Lone Mountain Ranch, Big Sky, MT
The George Mason Law & Economics Center (LEC) and the Property and Environment Research Center (PERC) presents the LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors to be held at the Lone Mountain Ranch in Big Sky, Montana. The program will run from Wednesday, October 2 to Sunday, October 6, 2013 and is part of the newly created LEC-PERC Joint Program on Economics, Law, and the Environment (http://www.masonlec.org/programs/lec-perc-joint-program-economics-law-environment).
OVERVIEW: The objective of this three-day workshop is to expose professors who teach natural resource and environmental law to the importance of property rights, transaction costs, and markets for solving environmental problems. The workshop will begin with some initial theoretical insights regarding the potential for environmental markets and build to specific applications to land, forests, wildlife, minerals, water, air, and ecosystem services, to mention a few.
The primary audience is tenured law school faculty who teach and do research on property, natural resources, and environmental law.
The LEC-PERC workshop will accommodate up to 24 law professors. All professors must attend all group meals together. Class sessions will be held Thursday through Saturday, with morning and afternoon sessions each day.
Reading materials will be provided in advance, and all participants should arrive having read, and prepared to discuss, the materials.
The LEC-PERC Workshop on Environmental Economics for Law Professors is organized by Henry N. Butler, George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law at George Mason University School of Law and Executive Director of the LEC, and Terry L. Anderson, President of the PERC and John and Jean De Nault Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
No Tuition; Hotel and Group Meals are Provided.
There is no tuition charged for the workshop, nor are there any room and board fees. Participants are responsible for their own travel costs to and from the workshop, as well as incidental expenses and individual meals.
HONORARIUM: An honorarium of $750 will be paid to each participant within 30 days of successful completion of the workshop. Successful completion requires attendance at all class sessions and group functions, including group meals.
REFUNDABLE DEPOSIT: All participants accepted to the Institute must make a refundable* deposit of $750 to bond their attendance at the workshop. Deposits are due within thirty (30) days of acceptance. Failure to provide the deposit by that date will result in cancelation of acceptance.
*Deposit will be refunded only upon completion of the entire workshop, including participation in all group functions.
APPLICATION PROCESS AND ACCEPTANCE: Acceptance for this conference is by competitive application only. Application should be made here: http://www.cvent.com/d/gcqs5g. Each applicant must state why they believe this program will be valuable to them and their work, and provide the names and contact information for three (3) professional references. The applicant may also include any additional information that would be pertinent to the decision-making process. Nominations by deans or letters of recommendation are welcome, but not required.
FURTHER INFORMATION: For questions regarding the application process, or about the program in general, please contact Jeff Smith at jsmithQ@gmu.edu. The LEC will begin evaluating applications on May 20, 2013 and will continue to consider applications until the program is fully subscribed.
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)-Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation Conference on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship
Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth Sixth Annual Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)-Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation Conference on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship
Thursday, June 6, 2013-Friday, June 7, 2013
Northwestern University School of Law
Rubloff Building Room #175
375 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL
The Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth presents the Sixth Annual Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)-Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation Conference on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship to be held at Northwestern University School of Law, Thursday, June 6, 2013-Friday, June 7, 2013. The conference will run from 9:00 a.m. on Thursday, June 6 to 3:30 p.m. on Friday, June 7. On Thursday evening there will be a cocktail reception, dinner, and keynote address by Stuart Graham, Senior Advisor, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and Georgia Institute of Technology.
The USPTO and the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation are jointly sponsoring the conference. This conference is organized by Professor Daniel F. Spulber, Research Director of the Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth and Elinor Hobbs Distinguished Professor of International Business, Professor of Management Strategy, Kellogg School of Management, Professor of Law, Northwestern University School of Law (Courtesy).
The goal of this conference is to provide a forum where economists and legal scholars can gather together with Northwestern’s own distinguished faculty to present and discuss high-quality research relevant to intellectual property (IP) protection, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
This conference will be an important component of the Searle Center’s expanded entrepreneurship and innovation focus. Conference participants will explore the connections between IP, innovation, and entrepreneurship through empirical and theoretical economic and legal analysis. This interdisciplinary conference will be composed of presentations by leading researchers in economics and law, and participating authors will have their papers formally discussed by leading thinkers in the field. In addition, the conference will draw audiences of academics in economics, law, and business, as well as legal and business practitioners, government officials, and public policy makers.
REGISTRATION: Attendance for this conference is by invitation only. To receive an invitation, please send a message with your name, affiliation, and full contact information to Derek Gundersen at: d-gundersen@law.northwestern.edu
The 8th Annual Minerva/ICRC Conference on International Humanitarian Law – Military Objectives and Objects of War: An Uneasy Relationship
Conference Call For Papers
The 8th Annual Minerva/ICRC Conference on International Humanitarian Law – Military Objectives and Objects of War: An Uneasy Relationship
Jerusalem, 24-25 November 2013
The Minerva Center for Human Rights, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Delegation in Israel and the Occupied Territories
INTRODUCTION: The Minerva Center for Human Rights at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Delegation of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Israel and the Occupied Territories are organizing an international conference that seeks to explore the concept of “military objective”, which is foundational to the law governing the conduct of hostilities. The conference, the eighth in the series of Minerva/ICRC annual international conferences on International Humanitarian Law (IHL), with the cooperation of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, is scheduled for 24-25 November 2013 in Jerusalem.
Recipients of this call for papers are invited to submit proposals to present a paper at the conference. Authors of selected proposals will be offered full or partial flight and accommodation expenses. Submission deadline: 15 June 2013
BACKGROUND: The 8th Annual Minerva/ICRC Conference on International Humanitarian Law aims to explore zones of real or apparent indeterminacy linked to the concept of “military objective”.
In recent years, much attention has been given to the distinction between persons who are legitimate targets of attack in armed conflict and those who are not. Far less attention seems to have been given to the equally fundamental distinction between those objects which may be targeted (i.e. military objectives) and those which may not. However, the proliferation of armed conflicts involving hostilities in areas where civilian and military elements are intermingled, as well as the increased deployment of highly accurate weaponry capable of striking precise points, have highlighted the need for a clearer articulation of the exact points in space and time at which an object can be attacked. Finally, the increased prevalence of asymmetric conflicts that are unlikely to result in a clear military victory raises questions concerning the continued viability and/or desirability of following existing definitions of military objectives.
Indeed, while conventional and customary IHL establish a detailed definition of military objectives, there still remains a troubling degree of ambiguity as to when and to what extent objects constitute a legitimate target of attack.
One very fundamental point which seems to require further clarification is the question of how to define the physical limits, or contours, of the military objective. Thus, for example, when a part of a complex of structures or even a single structure is used in a manner that effectively contributes to military action, and its destruction, in the circumstances ruling at the time, would afford a definite military advantage, questions remain about whether the entire complex/structure can be considered a military object, or whether the opposing belligerent is, always or sometimes, required to differentiate between the components of the object, some of which may be considered military and others civilian. A related question concerns the degree of precision required to determine the spatial confines or the exact location of the military objective. An attack would be unlawful if the location of the objective was not ascertained with sufficient precision – but what degree of precision would suffice? If an attack were launched against an entire neighbourhood known to host a military objective while it was not known in which precise part of the neighbourhood the objective is situated, it would clearly be unlawful. However, the case becomes less clear the more narrowly the objective can be confined to a specific point. For example, where do the contours of an objective situated in a room on a floor in a particular building end?
Questions about the spatial contours of military objectives and the degree of precision required in determining their location are pertinent not only for the proper application of the principle of distinction, but also in determining the interplay between this principle and the principle of proportionality. Indeed, under the IHL rules governing the conduct of hostilities, the principle of distinction has lexical priority over the principle of proportionality. In light of this and in view of the prohibition on indiscriminate attacks emanating from the principle of distinction, proportionality calculations can only be employed in relation to an attack that is directed at a specific military objective. To illustrate, consider a case (such as which occurs frequently in contemporary armed conflicts) where it is known that munitions are located somewhere within a compound, but – despite all feasible efforts – it was not possible to determine which exact part of the compound contains the munitions. In such case, if the entire compound were deemed to constitute a single military objective the legality of the attack would depend on an evaluation of proportionality – it would be lawful to attack it if the expected incidental harm to civilians is not excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated from the destruction of the objective. On the other hand, if it is only the munitions or the specific part of the compound holding them which constitutes a military objective then it would be indiscriminate and therefore unlawful to direct an attack at the entire compound irrespective of the military advantage anticipated.
Questions about the precise spatial contours of military objectives have become particularly pertinent in light of the increased availability of precision guided munitions (PGM). Indeed, now that it is possible to strike at a very precise part of a structure, there appear to be grounds to question whether it would be lawful to treat an entire building (and certainly a whole compound or complex) as a military objective, or whether instead the military objective includes only the particular part of the building/complex/compound holding an object whose destruction, in the circumstances ruling at the time, would offer a definite military advantage, or indeed the specific object itself. Related questions that may arise concern the extent to which the availability of PGMs affect the application of IHL rules on targeting. For example, it may be asked to what extent, if at all, does a party in possession of PGM incur extra obligations when launching attacks? Is it compelled to use the PGM in its possession? Is it required to direct its attacks at more finely defined objectives (e.g. at a rocket launcher on the second floor, rather than at the floor or the entire building)? Are parties not in possession of PGMs prohibited from launching certain attacks that those in possession of PGM may undertake (e.g. if there attack would destroy the whole building rather than just the rocket launcher on the 2nd floor)?
Another set of questions that comes up involves dual use targets. Such questions may have a temporal dimension – the duration of the period during which an object qualifies as a military objective. Thus, for example, if a structure is used by an armed group as a place from which to direct and coordinate military operations, does the structure constitute a military objective only while in fact being used for military purposes, or can it be said that its designated use (its “purpose”) justifies targeting it even, say, when no enemy personnel are using it or present in it at the time of attack? Another relevant dimension involves the increased reliance by the military on civilian infrastructure, such as telecommunication or Internet networks, private mapping services (such as google earth) and private equipment manufacturers. Under these circumstances of complete intermingling of civilian and military infrastructures the very identification of a military objective may raise difficult issues (separately from questions relating to the proportionality of targeting such civilian infrastructure).
Finally, the shifting goals of armed conflicts in an era of asymmetric conflict – moving away from military subjugation of the adversary to more abstract political goals such as winning hearts and minds, deterrence, communicating certain messages to the adversary etc. – may invite a re-evaluation of the continued relevance of the definition of military objectives found in the 1868 St. Petersburg Declaration and the 1977 Additional Protocols. Put differently, a question may be raised as to whether the changing nature of conflicts merits redefinition of military objectives, with a view to offering stronger humanitarian protections to victims of war, and preventing excessive harm to human lives and property. For example, can one take the position that targeting empty government buildings -designed to induce the adversary to discontinue the conflict – may be preferable to targeting military camps leading to loss of lives of enemy combatants and civilian collaterally harmed? Can one assert that a military engaged in a campaign aimed at winning hearts and minds should not target low-level military objectives that do not pose a short-term threat to the said military?
In light of the dramatic humanitarian implications and significant practical and legal ramifications at stake, there is a pressing need for legal scholars and practitioners to clarify these and other related questions in an effort to establish greater clarity in delineating which objects constitute military objectives and, conversely, which are those that remain protected from direct attack.
PAPER SUBMISSION PROCEDURE: Researchers interested in addressing these and other questions related to the conference topic are invited to respond to this call for papers with a 1-2 page proposal for an article and presentation, along with a brief CV. Proposals should be submitted by email to the Minerva Center for Human Rights at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (mchr@savion.huji.ac.il) by 15 June 2013.
Applicants should expect notification of the committee’s decision by mid-July 2013. Written contributions (of approx. 10-25 pages) based on the selected proposals will be expected by 1 November 2013. The Israel Law Review (a Cambridge University Press publication) has expressed interest in publishing selected full length papers based on conference presentations, subject to its standard review and editing procedures.
Call for Papers: First Annual Workshop for Corporate & Securities Litigation
The University of Illinois College of Law and the University of Richmond School of Law invite submissions for the First Annual Workshop for Corporate & Securities Litigation. This workshop will be held on Friday, November 8, 2013, in Chicago, Illinois.
OVERVIEW: This annual workshop will bring together scholars focused on corporate and securities litigation to present their works-in-progress. Papers addressing any aspect of corporate and securities litigation or enforcement are eligible. Appropriate topics include, but are not limited to, securities litigation, fiduciary duty litigation, or comparative approaches to business litigation. We welcome scholars working in a variety of methodologies, including empirical analysis, law and economics, law and sociology, and traditional doctrinal analysis.
Authors whose papers are selected will be invited to present their work at a workshop hosted by the University of Illinois College of Law in Chicago, Illinois, on Friday November 8, 2013. Local costs (lodging and workshop meals) will be covered. Participants are asked to pay for their own travel expenses.
The workshop is designed to maximize discussion and feedback. All participants will have read the selected papers. The author will provide a brief introduction to the paper, but the majority of the individual sessions will be devoted to collective discussion of the paper involved.
SUBMISSION PROCEDURE: If you are interested in participating, please send an abstract of the paper you would like to present to Jessica Erickson at jerickso@richmond.edu not later than Friday, May 31, 2013. Please include your name, current position, and contact information in the e-mail accompanying the submission. Authors of accepted papers will be notified by Friday, June 28.
QUESTIONS: Any questions concerning the workshop should be directed to the organizers—Professor Verity Winship (vwinship@illinois.edu) and Professor Jessica Erickson (jerickso@richmond.edu).
